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Urbanization is a big challenge for the governments and urban residents because of rapidly population growth. Within five years, half the world's population will live in cities. Environmental and economic effects due to urbanization have been observed since early in the 18th century. This essay will discuss effects urbanization on environment and economy.
There are a number of negative and positive effects on environment by urbanization. Firstly, cities have a huge impact on natural environment. For example, cities consume more natural resources to meet rising demand for food, water, energy and commodities. Moreover, expanding cities can cause a lot of air and water pollution. For instance, cities generate close to 80% of all carbon dioxide emissions from factories and vehicles exhaust. Also, increasing solid waste dumped into rivers, lake and oceans. As a result, it causes water pollution. However, there is positive effect on environment which is that urbanization causes a huge improvement in education which helps countries to get solutions for their problems on environment by doing researches such as filters, recycle process.
Urbanization has also impacts on economy for three ways. Firstly, negative effect by urbanization cost enormous money to solve the urbanized problems. These included improve urban planning, public transportation system, better sanitation and rational water use policies, energy conservation, urban farming and waste recycling. In addition, the pollution-related ailments cost huge amounts for medical care and in worker absenteeism. For example, 70% of the water pumped into cities is lost before it can reach consumers as well. Otherwise, city life has some positive effects which could help people and counties to face their financial problems. Cities have airports, ports and good transportation and they are always a trade centre. So, this will provide a lot of jobs. For example, most of companies and factories, which offer the employments, are located in the city. Furthermore, because cities have more investment and commerce, people who live in the city have many chances to make business.
In conclusion, this essay has shown negative and positive effects for urbanization on the environment and economy. However, it is apparent that the negative effects outweigh the positive effect. As a result, we should improve the quality of life for urban residents and protect the environment.
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